Evolutionary Game Research on Mining Pool Selection in Blockchain Networks

Table of Contents

• 1. Gabatarwa
• 2. Baya da Ayyukan Da Alaka
  • 2.1 Tushen Ayyukan Ma'adinai na Blockchain
  • 2.2 Tattalin Arzikin Tafkunan Ma'adinai
• 3. Evolutionary Game Model
  • 3.1 Model Construction
  • 3.2 Bincika Abubuwan Maɗaukaki
• 4. Nazarin Ka'idoji
  • 4.1 Dual Mining Pool Case Study
  • 4.2 Evolutionary Stability
• 5. Experimental Results
  • 5.1 Simulation Setup
  • 5.2 Results Analysis
• 6. Technical Implementation
• 7. Future Applications
• 8. References

1. Gabatarwa

Cibiyoyin sadarwar Blockchain waɗanda ke amfani da ƙa'idar yarjejeniya na tabbatar da aiki suna fuskantar ƙalubale masu mahimmanci a zaɓin ma'adinan ma'adinai. Wannan maqala tana magance hanyoyin hulɗar dabarun ma'aikatan ma'adinai da ma'adinan ta hanyar ka'idar wasan juyin halitta, yana ba da haske mai zurfi game da kwanciyar hankali da ingancin ayyukan hako ma'adinai na rarrabawa.

2. Baya da Ayyukan Da Alaka

2.1 Tushen Ayyukan Ma'adinai na Blockchain

Tsarin Satoshi Consensus ya gabatar da ƙarfafa tattalin arziki don jagorantar ayyukan masu haƙo ma'adinai, don kiyaye yarjejeniyar yanayin blockchain. Masu haƙo ma'adinai suna shiga gasar warware wasu rikice-rikicen sirri, yiwuwar cin nasara yana daidai da rabon gudunmawar ƙarfin lissafinsu ga jimillar ƙarfin cibiyar sadarwa.

2.2 Tattalin Arzikin Tafkunan Ma'adinai

Individual miners join mining pools to reduce income volatility and achieve stable returns. This paper identifies computing power and block propagation delay as two key factors determining the outcome of mining competition.

3. Evolutionary Game Model

3.1 Model Construction

The evolutionary game model captures the dynamic strategy evolution of individual miners when selecting mining pools. This model treats miners as participants who can switch between different mining pools based on perceived benefits.

3.2 Bincika Abubuwan Maɗaukaki

Ƙarfin lissafi ($h_i$) da jinkirin yada toshe ($\delta_i$) an ƙayyade su a matsayin manyan abubuwan yin nasara a haƙin ma'adinai. Yuwuwar cin nasara ta ma'adinai $i$ ana bayar da ita ta hanyar $P_i = \frac{h_i}{\sum_{j=1}^N h_j} \times e^{-\lambda \delta_i}$, inda $\lambda$ ke nuna hankalin cibiyar sadarwa ga jinkiri.

4. Nazarin Ka'idoji

4.1 Dual Mining Pool Case Study

This paper conducts a detailed analysis of evolutionary stability in a simplified dual mining pool scenario, demonstrating how stable equilibria emerge from miners' strategic adaptations.

4.2 Evolutionary Stability

The concept of Evolutionary Stable Strategy (ESS) is applied to mining pool selection, indicating that a stable configuration emerges when no miner can unilaterally improve their earnings by switching pools.

5. Experimental Results

5.1 Simulation Setup

Numerical simulations were conducted by varying network parameters, including hash rate distribution among multiple mining pools and propagation delay characteristics.

5.2 Results Analysis

Sakamakon simulation sun nuna dabarun ma'aikatan hakar ma'adinai suna haɗuwa zuwa yanayin kwanciyar hankali na juyin halitta, suna tabbatar da hasashen ka'idar. Ko da a cikin yanayin cibiyar sadarwa masu canzawa, an lura da kwanciyar hankali na rarraba tafkin ma'adinai.

6. Technical Implementation

Although this paper focuses on theoretical modeling, evolutionary dynamics can be implemented through reinforcement learning algorithms. The following is a conceptual pseudocode example:

Initialize miner population and mining pool strategies

7. Future Applications

Hanyoyin wasan kwaikwayo na tasiri mai mahimmanci ga rarraba albarkatun a cikin ƙungiyar Mulkin Kai (DAO) da tsarin rarraba. Binciken nan gaba ya haɗa da amfani da irin wannan samfuri ga hanyoyin sadarwar tabbatar da haƙƙin mallaka da ingantaccen haƙo ma'adinai a kan layi.

8. References

1. Nakamoto, S. (2008). Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System
2. Eyal, I., & Sirer, E. G. (2014). Majority is not Enough: Bitcoin Mining is Vulnerable
3. Niyato, D., et al. (2016). Gudanar da Albarkatun cikin Sadarwar Girgije ta Amfani da Nazarin Tattalin Arziki
4. IEEE Blockchain Initiative Technical Reports

Bincike na Masana

Kalmar da ta dace: Wannan maqala ta gabatar da mahimman fahimtun da yawancin binciken blockchain suka rasa - zaɓin ma'adinan ma'adinai ba wai kawai game da ƙarfin lissafi na asali ba ne, har ma da rikitarwa na wasan juyin halitta, inda jinkirin cibiyar sadarwa na iya zama mai yanke hukunci kamar ƙarfin lissafi. Marubucin ya gano daidai cewa "dokar mafi tsayin sarkar" ta haifar da raunin asali, masu haƙar ma'adinai ta hanyar zaɓin ma'adinan ma'adinai suna amsa waɗannan raunin ta hanyar dabarun.

Silsilar dabarun tunani Hujja ta fara ne daga yarjejeniyar asali ta Satoshi Nakamoto, ta shimfiɗa tsarin zuwa tattalin arzikin ma'adinan ma'adinai na zamani, ta kafa sarƙaƙƙiyar hanyar dalili: ƙarfin hujja na aiki yana ƙara wahala → haƙar ma'adinai ɗaya ba ta yiwuwa a tattalin arziki ba → samuwar ma'adinan ma'adinai ya bayyana → dabarun zaɓi suna juyin halitta → ka'idar wasan juyin halitta tana ba da tsarin bincike. Wannan ci gaban yana nuna juyin halitta na blockchain na duniyar gaske, yana sa samfurin ya zama mai gamsarwa musamman.

Abubuwan da suka fito da kuma abubuwan da ba su dace ba: Babban fa'ida shi ne haɗa jinkirin yaɗa toshe cikin aikin yiwuwar samun nasarar haƙa ma'adinai - yawancin samfura suna watsi da wannan muhimmin tasirin hanyar sadarwa. $P_i = \frac{h_i}{\sum_{j=1}^N h_j} \times e^{-\lambda \delta_i}$ dabarar tana kama da yanayin haƙa ma'adinai na zahiri cikin kyakkyawa. Duk da haka, iyakacin wannan maƙala shine taƙaitaccen binciken shari'ar tafkunan ma'adinai biyu - kamar hanyar sadarwar Bitcoin na gaske tana da ɗaruruwan tafkunan ma'adinai masu fafatawa, waɗanda ke da rikitattun alaƙa. Idan aka kwatanta da canjin Ethereum zuwa tabbacin hannun jari, wannan aikin ya nuna dalilin da yasa hanyoyin sadarwar PoW za su ci gaba da fuskantar waɗannan ƙalubalen zaɓin tafkunan ma'adinai har abada.

Abubuwan da suka fito daga aiki: Ga ɗan blockchain masu haɓakawa, wannan binciken ya jaddada bukatar rage haɗarin tattara ma'adinai ta hanyar yarjejeniya. Masu sarrafa tarkon ma'adinai ba wai kawai su inganta ƙarfin lissafi ba, har ma su inganta tsarin cibiyar sadarwa da ingantaccen watsawa. Masu kula da kayyadaddun abubuwa ya kamata su lura cewa, kwanciyar hankali a cikin tarkon ma'adinai na iya haifar da haɗaɗɗiyar gungu ba zato ba tsammani, wanda zai iya lalata ruhin ragewa na blockchain. Sakamakon binciken ya nuna cewa, yarjejeniyar na gaba dole ne su magance waɗannan dabarun a matakin yarjejeniya, maimakon barin su tasowa ta hanyar halitta.

Hanyar wasan kwaikwayo ta wannan takarda ta yi daidai da faɗaɗaɗɗiyar yanayin ƙira na tsarin ragewa, kamar yadda ƙwaƙƙwaran koyo ke canza tsarin ɗimbin ɗimbin yanayi a wasu fagage. Yayin da hanyoyin sadarwar blockchain suka girma, fahimtar waɗannan hanyoyin mu'amala na zama mahimmanci ga ƙirar fasaha da tsarin kayyadaddun abubuwa.